Siegfried marcus



(No Model.

S. MARCUS. INGANDESOENT HYDROGARBON LAMP. v No. 568,589. -Paten'oed Apr. 21,1896.

ANDREW B GRAHAM PHOTO-LITHD WASHINGTOMILC llnrrn Srnrns Fries.

SIEGFRIED MARCUS, OFVIENNA, AUSTRIA-HUNGARY.

INCAN DESCENT HYDROCARBON-LAM P.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 558,589, dated April 21, 1896.

Application filed October .7, 1895. Serial No. 564,849. (No model.) Patented in France March 14, 1895, No. 245,815; in Belgi'um March 14,1895,N0.114,559; in England March 15, 1895,No. 5,510, and in Austria May-25,1895,No.4=5/l,8 l4.

T0 aZZ whom it may concern: 1

Be it known that I, SIEGFRIED MARCUS, a subject of the Emperor of Austria-Hungary, residing at Vienna, in the Empire of Austria- I-Iungary, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Incandescent Hydrocarbon-La1nps, (for which I have obtained Letters Patent in Austria, No. 45/1344, dated May 25, 1895; in France, No. 2%,815, dated March 14, 1895; in Belgium, No. 114,559, dated March 14-, 1895, and in Great Britain, No. 5,510, dated March 15, 1895,) of which the following is a specification.

My invention has relation to incandescent hydrocarbon-lamps, and in such connection it relates particularly to the construction and arrangement of the burner of such a lamp, whereby a mixture of heated air and vaporized hydrocarbon is utilized for heating or incandescent-lighting purposes.

The principal objects of my invention are, first, to provide a simple, durable, and eilicient lamp,wherein liquid hydrocarbons after vaporization and admixture with heated air maybe burned either for incandescent-lighting or heating purposes, and, second, to provide in such a lamp a burner adapted to vaporize liquid hydrocarbons, mix the same with air heated by the flame of said burner, and utilize said admixture forthe purpose of heat ing to incandeseence a mantle of suitable material or for heating purposes.

My invention consists of a hydrocarbonlamp for incandescent or heating purposes, constructed and arranged in substantially the manner hereinafter described and claimed.

The nature and scope of my invention will be more fully understood from the following description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, forming part hereof, and in which Figure 1 represents, partly in side elevation and partly in vertical section, a lamp and burner embodying features of my invention. Fig. 2 is a top or plan View of the lamp when sectioned on the line 00 w of Fig. 1. Figs. 3, 4, and 5 respectively represent in side elevation the different portions of the burner of the lamp, and Fig. 6 represents in top or plan view and end elevation a spirit-burner adapted to permit of the heating of the lamp-burner in the initial stage of ignition of the burner.

Referring to the drawings, a represents the outside tube of the lamp-burner, terminating at its top in a basket-like or open-pronged portion a. \Vithin the tube a, below its top a, and either integral with the tube a or fitted snugly therein, is arranged a concentric tube b, the upper end f of which terminates in a gauze or other suitably-covered opening. Within the tube 1) is located a concentric tube 0, the body of which is of considerably less diameter than the innerdiameter of the tube b, the head a of the tube 0 fitting snugly in the upper en d of the tube Z), below the burneropening f.

The tubes at and Z) are perforated near their lower ends, as at g, and the tube 0 is perforated at both its upper and lowerends, as indicated at v, and k in Figs. 1 and 4. To the prongs a of the tube a is secured a frame or ring (1, between the upwardly-extending flanges (1 in connection with which is mounted a chimneyd, and resting against both the inside and outside thereof.

Below the lower ends of the tubes a, b, and c, and supporting the same, is a heating or vaporizing chamber 0, communicating by means of a needle-like opening h with the interior of the tube 0, as indicated in Fig. 1. The en trance h to this chamber 6 is larger than the exit-opening 72 and is controlled by a needlevalve 0.

In the receptacle a, designed to hold the this purpose is provided a receptacle or pan l, filled with absorbent incombustible material, such as asbestos, saturated with alcohol,

and after the ignition of the same it is placed directly under the canal 19, so as to heat the hydrocarbon led into the canal p by the wick m to a temperature necessary to vaporize the same, as illustrated in Figs. 1 and 6. In practice a minute or so is all the time that is necessary to produce such a result, after which the vaporized oil, passing from the canal p through the chamber c and tube 0 to the burner f, is ignited, and then the heating or vaporizing of the hydrocarbon is automatic, and the receptable or pan Zmaybe removed. The flame produced at f by the burning of the vapor is directed in an upward direction against the mantle or cone q and sidewise against the chimney d, the ring d, and the tube a. The tubes at and b are thus rapidly heated and in turn rapidly heat up the chamber c, which then serves as the heating or vaporizing chamber. At the same time the air which enters through the perforations g andt' is also heated, as well as the air between the tubes l) and e, which enters the tube 6 through the perforations 7c in the tube a. The vaporized hydrocarbon is therefore mixed in the tube cwith heated air, the air combining with the vapor before it reaches the burner f in such quantities that a sootless and very hot flame is produced at f, which flame readily heats the mantle or cone (1 to incandescenee.

In practice it has been found desirable to fill the chamber 6 with small shot or bunches of wire, so that the hydrocarbon is divided up into small streams, which may be more readily vaporized by the heat of the chamber 6. The basket-like or pronged head a of the tube a permits the entrance of air to the chimney (1.

Having thus described the nature and objects of my invention What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a hydrocarbon-lamp, a burner consisting of concentric tubes, whereof the outer forms a support for the lamp-chimney and the inner a burner and mixing-chamber, theinner tube being perforated at its upper and lower ends and the outer tube perforated at its lower end, a vaporizing-chamber located in the lower end of the outer tube and adapted to be heated thereby, said inner tube being supported 011 and in direct communication with the vaporizing-chamber and in contact at its upper end only with the outer tube, substantially as described.

2. In a hydrocarbon-lamp,.a burner consisting of three concentric tubes, whereof the outer and middle tubes are fitted snugly together at theirperforated lower ends, the upper end of the outer tube forming an open support for the lampchimney, the upper end of the middle tube constituting the burner, the body of the internal tube perforated at its lower and upper ends and being of less diameter than the internal diameter of the middle tube, the said internal tube being en- 

